Objective(s): The NGOS act as a potential system for public health promotion. These voluntary organizations are non-profitable AND independent from state (self-governing), but serving people. In this way they are called public voice. The NGOS are considered to be the symbol AND intermediary of public contribution; while public contribution is a main branch of health promotion, poverty AND inequity decline in public health. This study was carried out to review the ROLE AND operation of Iranian NGOS in provision, maintenance AND promotion of public health in order to design an interaction model of the NGOS with health sector trustees in the state.Methods: Of 10000 registered NGOS in Iran with interest in health, 1000 NGOS were chosen. Of these 97 NGOS were selected as the study sample. Data were collected through rANDom selection from all provinces using a questionnaire by 9 trained examiners.Results: The results obtained from analysis in FUNCTION AND capacity showed that NGOS knew needs of target group but in most cases discovering these needs has been based on the group meetings or founding board ideas AND hardly followed scientific principles of assessment. Most NGOS offered third level prevention care. Most NGOS believed that success in training AND providing health care, prevention AND advisory interventions were more satisfactory than working governmental sectors (working with the state, participation in jurisdictional AND legal trend).Conclusion: The result while revealing capabilities of NGOS to deliver educational AND advisory services, warns the public sector decision makers (the state) that inexploiting the potential capacity of those systems retards developing process of the country.

The study objective was to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary starch content in fresh cow diets while maintaining NDF levels by substituting barley grain (BG), corn silage (CS), or both with beet pulp (BP) on DMI, lactation performance, serum mineral AND metabolites concentrations, liver enzymes AND liver FUNCTIONality index (LFI), serum insulin AND revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI). Thirty-six multiparous cows were rANDomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental diets from calving to 21 days in lactation. Experimental diets were a high-starch diet with ground BG (CO; 24.9% starch; 0% BP) AND 3 low-starch diets where BP substituted for either BG (BB; 19.6% starch; 7% BP), CS (BC; 20.6% starch; 12% BP) or CS AND BG (BCB; 20.3% starch; 12% BP). Relative to CO cows (16.50 kg/d), DMI was greater for BC (17.70 kg/d) AND BCB (17.50 kg/d) cows, but it was lesser in BB (15.60 kg/d) cows. Similar to DMI results, milk yields tended to be greater for BC (37.89 kg/d) AND BCB cows (37.81 kg/d) compared to CO cows (35.41 kg/d), but BB cows (33.05 kg/d) tended to produce less milk than CO cows. Relative to CO, cows fed BB had lower serum glucose concentrations, whereas cows fed BC AND BCB had higher serum glucose. Serum insulin concentrations were lower for BB cows than for other exprimental groups. Relative to CO, serum NEFA AND BHB concentrations were lower for BC AND BCB, but was similar between BB AND CO. The RQUICKI was lower for CO, BC cows than BB cows, AND cows in BCB tended to have less RQUICKI compared to BB during postpartum. The concentrations of gamma glutamyl transferase were lower in BC AND BCB cows relative to CO AND BB cows. The cows fed CO AND BB had higher serum bilirubin relative to cows fed BC AND BCB diets. Although, LFI for CO cows was similar to cows on BB, BC AND BCB, BC cows had higher LFI than BB cows AND tended to have greater LFI than CO cows. Overall, reducing dietary starch by replacing CS (BC) or a mix of CS AND BG (BCB) with BP positively affected DMI AND milk yield AND indicated improved energy metabolism AND liver FUNCTION during the first 21 d of lactation compared to when BP was fed instead of BG to reduce starch (BB).

The emergence of Non Government Organizations (NGOS) in various fields of life is proof that civil society is essential in building a democratic society. NGOS can educate citizens AND communities on their fundamental rights to create a democratic state AND world order life. NGOS in Indonesia AND Egypt have played a significant ROLE in strengthening democratic movements by empowering civil society. This study examines NGOS’ ROLE in democratization in Indonesia during the reign of President Suharto AND Egypt under the leadership of President Hosni Mubarak. In carrying out their FUNCTIONs, NGOS take a stAND as a balancing force for the state AND agents of community empowerment. The NGOS’ elements struggle in producing an ideal democratic society order in these two countries facing their respective challenges. Some NGOS challenge building democratic society such as military domination, party hegemony systems, AND robust state control over society. To encourage democratization in Indonesia AND Egypt, NGOS have contributed to building democratic practices, improving democratic performance, strengthening civil rights, monitoring elections, AND promoting corruption eradication. The strengthening of democracy by NGOS in Indonesia AND Egypt has impacted building political openness, awareness of citizens' political rights, AND pro-society public policies.

In the contemporary world, daily changes that occur in the field of communications has led the process of moving communities diluted the ROLE of government every day AND this situation is spurred the evolution. It is obvious that as societies evolve, new scenarios in the areas of social- political realized that the new priorities with the adoption of new practices AND tools, as well as the capacity of non-state actors, particularly NGOS are required. In this regard due to the ROLE of young people in different countries, especially developed nations as the force of thought, work AND ideas in institutions AND scientific centers AND offices AND the development of NGOS youth in the global system a variety of programs such philanthropic actions beyond the borders of countries, in the international arena that would impact on the minds of the masses of the people AND even governments AND international organization. The method used in this research was based on documentation AND library data AND also a qualitative study. In this study, we addressed the following questions using the tools of social participation: how youth NGOS can be effective in pursuing the rights of young people AND what is their position in youth rights development? It seems the movement in the direction of domestic understANDing of young people AND their concerns will lead to the institutionalization of the culture of youth-oriented NGOS capacity AND use of international experience to the next generation of the country.

The exact purpose of the NGOS (civil societies) is not clear AND so the variety of NGOS (civil societies) may be in the form of various associations, organizations, institutions, foundations, institutes, cooperatives, clubs, groups AND staff. Considering that these enterprises as independent entities AND no dependence on the government AND play a ROLE for voluntary AND non-profit AND non-political purposes for the existence, so crime prevention plays a very to have an effective AND in reducing crime AND making them especially the ROLE of prevention. NGOS (civil societies) through dissemination AND public notification (communication), attracting public partnership (general mobilization), small grassroots fundraising AND resources (resource mobilization), creating expANDing AND strengthening of coordination between the state that continues still, expANDing the general monitoring AND evaluation activities, increase efficiency in the use of resources to act in the normalization between the three topics of, popular participation,, mobilization of resources, AND, monitoring AND evaluation, AND the importance of their ROLE in the matter of high prevention plays a very noteworthy to say the failure of social deviations began fighting approaches AND prevention of crime has caused the recent governments of about half a century to adopt participatory approaches in criminal policy, especially on the prevention of crime. This is the approach that it calls "criminal policy" that will be remembered for a participatory which means the company is giving people in various stages of the criminal justice system. One of the templates for the turnout in the field of crime prevention is the non-governmental organization because of the systematic, objective AND being specialized of the effectiveness AND the impact of a large enterprise.

The addition of the infinitive to the subject or object is one of the syntactic structures in which accuracy plays an important ROLE in the correct understANDing the meaning of the verses of the Holy Quran. Sometimes there is disagreement among the scholars who interpret the Holy Book of Quran in determining whether the infinitive is added to the subject or to the object. Translators have sometimes provided an inadequate translation. This article has tried to discover ways to resolve the difference in determining the qualificative ROLE of genitive case AND also to provide an expressive translation of this structure by using a descriptive-analytical-critical method AND by examining a number of infinitives added to the subject or object in the Holy Quran. The solutions to resolve the dispute are as follows: Paying attention to how the sentences relate to each other, paying attention to the citation of the subject in the verse, paying attention to the reason for using rhetorical devices in the verse, paying attention to the interpretive context (the context of the discussed verse, the guiding purpose of the Surah), paying attention to the verses AND narrations of the same subject of the verse AND paying attention to the requirements of servant politeness. The use of these solutions in order to provide a correct AND expressive translation of the infinitive structure added to the subject or the object is necessary: The use of verb in the translation of the infinitive, the use of an appropriate word for translation of the pronoun, the use of an appropriate word in addition to the accompanying added infinitive, the use of the explanations in parentheses, the avoidance of compression writing AND the avoidance of literal translation.

With the advent of the concept of good governance, the nongovernmental organizations, which are part of the civil society, appeared as one of the non-governmental actors in the realm of governance. The inability of governments to carry out their assignments as well as the basic rights of individuals AND the tendency to curtail governments’ ROLE made these organizations act as a state aid force in three areas of legislative, executive AND judicial affairs. The purpose of this research is "To study the ROLE of NGOS in developing the right of health in Iran. " The results of this research, which is based on the library method referring to books, articles AND legal texts, show that there are obstacles to NGOS participation in the field of health right, most notably the lack of a culture of participation among the people to activate AND strengthen the NGOS force, AND the lack of specific legal guidelines on how to use AND use potential. It requires the training of government AND trustees to create a culture of community participation AND to develop laws AND regulations to anticipate specific enforcement mechanisms for the capacity utilization of these institutions.

It is several years the concept of NGOS has been brought up as the third pillar of development in development programs along with public AND private sectors. One way for playing the development ROLE by NGOS is to update their FUNCTIONs AND tasks in their tip statute of associations. The present paper has focused on scientific associations as scientific NGOS. For this reason, this research is looking for replying to three main questions as follows: 1-What FUNCTIONs scientific NGOS have to have for science AND technology development? 2-What FUNCTIONs have been incorporated in tip statute of scientific associations of the country for S&T development? 3-What political suggestions can be posed for improving the FUNCTIONs of NGOS in developing science AND technology? Studies show that it is better than FUNCTIONs such as conducting AND directing the R&D projects, presenting models for development, scientific streaming, sustainable development topics, identifying AND prioritizing the needs AND transferring them to government, consultation services to government AND startups, training new technologies, assisting in formulating the industrial stANDards AND regulations, networking in science AND technology, etc. to be added to the tip statute of scientific associations.